Fertilization = fusion of male and female gametes
Male gamete = sperm (50 μm long, 1 μm² cross-sectional area)
Female gamete = ovum (100 μm diameter)
Sperm velocity = 1.5 mm/m∈
Ovum lifespan = 24 hours
Sperm lifespan = 5–7 days
Menstrual cycle length = 28 days
Menstrual cycle phases = Menstruation, Follicular phase, Ovulation, Luteal phase
Follicular phase duration = 14 days
Luteal phase duration = 14 days
Ovulation day = 14th day of menstrual cycle
FSH = Follicle Stimulating Hormone (stimulates follicle growth)
LH = Luteinizing Hormone (stimulates ovulation)
Estrogen = female sex hormone (stimulates follicular growth)
Progesterone = female sex hormone (stimulates luteal phase)
Testosterone = male sex hormone (stimulates sperm production)
HCG = Human Chorionic Gonadotrop∈ (maintains pregnancy)

🪤 The 5 Mistakes That Cost Marks

Not understanding the menstrual cycle phases
Confusing FSH and LH functions
Not knowing the lifespan of sperm and ovum
Not understanding the role of estrogen and progesterone
Not knowing the function of HCG

✏️ 3 Solved PYQs

Question 1: What is the function of FSH ∈ the menstrual cycle? Step 1: FSH stimulates follicular growth Step 2: FSH stimulates estrogen production Step 3: Estrogen stimulates follicular growth Answer: FSH stimulates follicular growth
Question 2: What is the role of testosterone ∈ sperm production? Step 1: Testosterone stimulates sperm production Step 2: Testosterone maintains sperm quality Step 3: Testosterone regulates sperm motility Answer: Testosterone stimulates sperm production
Question 3: What is the function of HCG ∈ pregnancy? Step 1: HCG maintains pregnancy Step 2: HCG stimulates progesterone production Step 3: HCG regulates embryonic development Answer: HCG maintains pregnancy

🧠 The One Thing Most Students Get Wrong

Most students confuse the functions of FSH and LH, and also confuse the roles of estrogen and progesterone
FSH stimulates follicular growth, while LH stimulates ovulation
Estrogen stimulates follicular growth, while progesterone stimulates luteal phase

👁️ Ayush's Note

To score well ∈ Human Reproduction, focus on understanding the menstrual cycle phases and the roles of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone
Practice solving problems related to the lifespan of sperm and ovum, and the function of HCG
Use shortcuts like remembering the first letter of each phase of the menstrual cycle (MFLP) to recall the phases easily

🔁 Last 5 Minutes Box

Revise the formula bank
Go through the 5 mistakes that cost marks
Recall the 3 solved PYQs
Focus on the one thing most students get wrong
Read Ayush's note to boost confidence

📝 Practice MCQs

1. What is the function of FSH ∈ the menstrual cycle?

A) Stimulates ovulation

B) Stimulates follicular growth

C) Stimulates luteal phase

D) Stimulates sperm production

Answer: B) Stimulates follicular growth.

2. What is the role of testosterone ∈ sperm production?

A) Stimulates estrogen production

B) Stimulates progesterone production

C) Stimulates sperm production

D) Stimulates follicular growth

Answer: C) Stimulates sperm production.

3. What is the function of HCG ∈ pregnancy?

A) Stimulates ovulation

B) Stimulates follicular growth

C) Maintains pregnancy

D) Stimulates luteal phase

Answer: C) Maintains pregnancy.

4. What is the lifespan of ovum?

A) 5–7 days

B) 24 hours

C) 14 days

D) 28 days

Answer: B) 24 hours.

5. What is the duration of the luteal phase?

A) 10 days

B) 14 days

C) 20 days

D) 28 days

Answer: B) 14 days.

🚀 Ready to Ace Your Exam?

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This post was curated by Jules, Exam Compass Bot, and edited for accuracy by Ayush.

📚 Related Topics

Continue your revision with these related guides:

Fertilization = fusion of male and female gametes
Male gamete = sperm (50 μm long, 1 μm² cross-sectional area)
Female gamete = ovum (100 μm diameter)
Sperm velocity = 1.5 mm/m∈
Ovum lifespan = 24 hours
Sperm lifespan = 5–7 days
Menstrual cycle length = 28 days
Menstrual cycle phases = Menstruation, Follicular phase, Ovulation, Luteal phase
Follicular phase duration = 14 days
Luteal phase duration = 14 days
Ovulation day = 14th day of menstrual cycle
FSH = Follicle Stimulating Hormone (stimulates follicle growth)
LH = Luteinizing Hormone (stimulates ovulation)
Estrogen = female sex hormone (stimulates follicular growth)
Progesterone = female sex hormone (stimulates luteal phase)
Testosterone = male sex hormone (stimulates sperm production)
HCG = Human Chorionic Gonadotrop∈ (maintains pregnancy)

🪤 The 5 Mistakes That Cost Marks

Not understanding the menstrual cycle phases
Confusing FSH and LH functions
Not knowing the lifespan of sperm and ovum
Not understanding the role of estrogen and progesterone
Not knowing the function of HCG

✏️ 3 Solved PYQs

Question 1: What is the function of FSH ∈ the menstrual cycle? Step 1: FSH stimulates follicular growth Step 2: FSH stimulates estrogen production Step 3: Estrogen stimulates follicular growth Answer: FSH stimulates follicular growth
Question 2: What is the role of testosterone ∈ sperm production? Step 1: Testosterone stimulates sperm production Step 2: Testosterone maintains sperm quality Step 3: Testosterone regulates sperm motility Answer: Testosterone stimulates sperm production
Question 3: What is the function of HCG ∈ pregnancy? Step 1: HCG maintains pregnancy Step 2: HCG stimulates progesterone production Step 3: HCG regulates embryonic development Answer: HCG maintains pregnancy

🧠 The One Thing Most Students Get Wrong

Most students confuse the functions of FSH and LH, and also confuse the roles of estrogen and progesterone
FSH stimulates follicular growth, while LH stimulates ovulation
Estrogen stimulates follicular growth, while progesterone stimulates luteal phase

👁️ Ayush's Note

To score well ∈ Human Reproduction, focus on understanding the menstrual cycle phases and the roles of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone
Practice solving problems related to the lifespan of sperm and ovum, and the function of HCG
Use shortcuts like remembering the first letter of each phase of the menstrual cycle (MFLP) to recall the phases easily

🔁 Last 5 Minutes Box

Revise the formula bank
Go through the 5 mistakes that cost marks
Recall the 3 solved PYQs
Focus on the one thing most students get wrong
Read Ayush's note to boost confidence

📝 Practice MCQs

1. What is the function of FSH ∈ the menstrual cycle?

A) Stimulates ovulation

B) Stimulates follicular growth

C) Stimulates luteal phase

D) Stimulates sperm production

Answer: B) Stimulates follicular growth.

2. What is the role of testosterone ∈ sperm production?

A) Stimulates estrogen production

B) Stimulates progesterone production

C) Stimulates sperm production

D) Stimulates follicular growth

Answer: C) Stimulates sperm production.

3. What is the function of HCG ∈ pregnancy?

A) Stimulates ovulation

B) Stimulates follicular growth

C) Maintains pregnancy

D) Stimulates luteal phase

Answer: C) Maintains pregnancy.

4. What is the lifespan of ovum?

A) 5–7 days

B) 24 hours

C) 14 days

D) 28 days

Answer: B) 24 hours.

5. What is the duration of the luteal phase?

A) 10 days

B) 14 days

C) 20 days

D) 28 days

Answer: B) 14 days.

🚀 Ready to Ace Your Exam?

Put your knowledge to the test! Take the free Practice Mock Test now and track your progress against thousands of students.

🎬 Watch video explanations on YouTube →

This post was curated by Jules, Exam Compass Bot, and edited for accuracy by Ayush.

📚 Related Topics

Continue your revision with these related guides: